@article{236,
  keywords = {N400, P3b, disorders of consciousness, electroencephalography, event related potentials},
  author = {Alexander Rokos and Richard Mah and Rober Boshra and Amabilis Harrison and Tsee Choy and Stefanie Blain-Moraes and John Connolly},
  title = {Eliciting and Recording Event Related Potentials (ERPs) in Behaviourally Unresponsive Populations: A Retrospective Commentary on Critical Factors.},
  abstract = {<p>A consistent limitation when designing event-related potential paradigms and interpreting results is a lack of consideration of the multivariate factors that affect their elicitation and detection in behaviorally unresponsive individuals. This paper provides a retrospective commentary on three factors that influence the presence and morphology of long-latency event-related potentials-the P3b and N400. We analyze event-related potentials derived from electroencephalographic (EEG) data collected from small groups of healthy youth and healthy elderly to illustrate the effect of paradigm strength and subject age; we analyze ERPs collected from an individual with severe traumatic brain injury to illustrate the effect of stimulus presentation speed. Based on these critical factors, we support that: (1) the strongest paradigms should be used to elicit event-related potentials in unresponsive populations; (2) interpretation of event-related potential results should account for participant age; and (3) speed of stimulus presentation should be slower in unresponsive individuals. The application of these practices when eliciting and recording event-related potentials in unresponsive individuals will help to minimize result interpretation ambiguity, increase confidence in conclusions, and advance the understanding of the relationship between long-latency event-related potentials and states of consciousness.</p>
},
  year = {2021},
  journal = {Brain sciences},
  volume = {11},
  month = {06/2021},
  issn = {2076-3425},
  doi = {10.3390/brainsci11070835},
  language = {eng},
}